soluble RNA

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Thân thiện
Definition
  1. Noun:
    • Transfer RNA (tRNA): A type of RNA molecule found in cells that functions as an adaptor molecule during protein synthesis. It carries a specific amino acid and matches it to the corresponding codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA) strand at the ribosome.
Usage
  • The term soluble RNA is a historical name for transfer RNA (tRNA), reflecting its property of being relatively soluble compared to other cellular RNAs. It is used in biological and biochemical contexts to describe its role in translating genetic code into proteins.
Examples
  • Noun:
    • During translation, each soluble RNA molecule brings a single amino acid to the ribosome.
    • The structure of soluble RNA includes an anticodon loop that base-pairs with the mRNA codon.
Advanced Usage
  • "aminoacyl-soluble RNA": Refers to a tRNA molecule that is covalently bound to its specific amino acid, a charged or activated state essential for protein synthesis.
    • The enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase catalyzes the formation of aminoacyl-soluble RNA.
Variants and Related Words
  • Transfer RNA (tRNA) (n): The modern and more commonly used term for soluble RNA.
  • Adapter RNA (n): Another historical synonym emphasizing its role as a molecular adapter.
Synonyms
  • tRNA: The standard abbreviation.
  • Acceptor RNA: An older term highlighting its role in accepting amino acids.
Notes on Meaning
  • The term soluble RNA is largely archaic in modern scientific literature, having been replaced by transfer RNA (tRNA). Its primary meaning is fixed within the specific context of molecular biology, referring to the key molecule in the translation process of the genetic code.
Noun
  1. RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA)

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